学ぶ
最初のDXFから価格の付いたジョブまで、ネスティングと見積を学びましょう。
工場に必要な順に並べたガイド、コントローラーのページ、比較、無料ツール、そして業界用語。無料で、アカウントも不要です。
01 · ガイド: 5 · 31 分
コントローラーを設定する
コントローラー対応のDXFとはどんなものか、CypCutやFSCUTでZorocutのレイヤーを一度割り当てる方法、SheetCAM経由のプラズマの進め方。
- Export DXF for CypCut and FSCUT: map the layers onceWhat a controller-ready DXF for CypCut, CypCutE and FSCUT looks like — R2000, mm, lines, arcs and circles on fixed layers — and how to map Zorocut's ZC_ layers to CypCut layers once.はじめに · 6 分
- CypCut nesting tutorial: the built-in nest step by step, and where it stopsHow to nest parts in CypCut's built-in nest — parts library, plates, part gap, co-edge, arrays and sorting — from the CypCut v6.5 manual, and the limits (50 part types, 20 plates, array only) that tell you when a separate nester pays.ネスティング · 7 分
- Lead-in and lead-out for laser and plasma: types, length and placementWhy every contour starts with a lead, line or arc, how long (about the plate thickness on plasma near its pierce limit), where to put it, overcut and gap — the CypCut, CypNest, SheetCAM and Hypertherm settings, and why the part spacing must leave room.はじめに · 6 分
- Micro-joints and tabs in laser cutting: why, how big and where to put themWhat micro-joints prevent, the sizes shops publish (0.1–1 mm), how CypCut and CypNest add them by click, count, distance or line, where to place them, what removal costs — and why Zorocut leaves them to the controller.はじめに · 6 分
- Plasma tables: from Zorocut's DXF to SheetCAM, FireControl, Mach3 or LinuxCNCLangmuir FireControl and other hobby-class plasma controllers run G-code, not DXF. The route is Zorocut DXF → SheetCAM, one operation per layer → post-processor → controller, with Hypertherm chart values for speed and pierce delay.はじめに · 6 分
02 · ガイド: 12 · 73 分
最初のきれいなネスティング
CADからきれいに取り込める図面、正しいサイズで取り込まれる単位、部品間隔、そして共通線切断が有利になる場面。
- Clean DXF from AutoCAD, Fusion, SolidWorks and Inkscape: what breaks and how to export itOpen contours, splines, bend lines, mirrored arcs and unitless files: the problems each CAD program leaves in a DXF for laser cutting, and the export settings that avoid them.DXFファイル · 7 分
- DXF units: mm or inch, and why parts come in 25.4× too big or too smallA DXF stores plain numbers; its unit lives in the $INSUNITS header, which is often 0 or missing. How to spot a unit error before it reaches the quote or the machine, and how to fix it.DXFファイル · 5 分
- Open contours in a DXF: why the laser won't cut the part, and how to close themAn open contour has ends that do not meet, so it has no inside and no outside and the controller will not cut it as a part. Where the gaps come from, how to find them, when an auto-join tolerance is safe, and what Zorocut's pre-cut check reports.DXFファイル · 6 分
- Cleaning a customer DXF: dimensions, title blocks, bend lines and everything else that must not be cutCustomer files are often drawings, not cut files: dimensions, a frame and title block, notes, bend lines, hidden and centre lines, duplicates and stray points. What each one does at the machine, what Zorocut leaves out by itself, and how to choose the layers that get cut.DXFファイル · 7 分
- Splines, polylines and arcs in a DXF: why curves turn into thousands of short linesThe same curve can be an ARC, a polyline bulge, a SPLINE, an ELLIPSE or hundreds of short lines. What each one stores, why true arcs cut better, what CypCut, SheetCAM and Zorocut do with the others, and which export settings keep arcs as arcs.DXFファイル · 7 分
- Text in a DXF for laser cutting: cut, mark or engrave — and why TEXT is not cutA DXF TEXT entity stores a string and a font name, not the letter shapes. How to turn text into outlines, when to cut, mark or engrave it, why cut-through letters need bridges or a stencil font, and what Zorocut and CypCut do with text layers.DXFファイル · 6 分
- SVG to DXF for laser cutting: sizes, curves, fills and strokes from Inkscape, Illustrator and CorelDRAWVector art becomes a cut file when every shape is a closed path at the right size and text, strokes, clips and images are dealt with. Why SVG sizes come in at 75 % or 133 %, what Zorocut reads from an SVG directly, and what to fix in the art first.DXFファイル · 7 分
- Part spacing for laser cutting: how much gap to leave between partsStart with a gap of 3 mm or the sheet thickness, whichever is larger, then adjust for kerf, heat and tip-up. What the spacing does, how the kerf eats into it, and how it changes the quote.ネスティング · 5 分
- True-shape vs rectangular nesting: what the box around each part costsRectangular nesting packs the box around each part; true-shape nesting packs the real outline. On rectangles they are the same; on brackets, rings and irregular parts the boxes alone capped our test jobs at 60–68 %, while a true-shape nest reached 71–76 %.ネスティング · 6 分
- Part-in-part nesting: cutting small parts from the holes of large onesPart-in-part nesting cuts small parts from the slugs of large holes. When it pays, how big the hole must be, why the small part is cut first, the heat and tip-up risks, and what CypCut, CypNest and Zorocut do.ネスティング · 6 分
- Sheet utilisation: how to measure nesting yield and how to raise itUtilisation is the part area divided by the sheet you count as used — whole sheets, used length, or sheets minus the offcut you keep. What the figures mean, why one nest can read 64 % or 80 %, and five ways to raise it.ネスティング · 6 分
- Common-line cutting: when sharing an edge pays, and why Zorocut leaves it to the controllerCutting two parts along one shared line saves pierces and cut length on arrays of identical straight-edged parts. How CypNest, ProNest and PrimeCut do it, where it is risky, and why the DXF should still keep a gap.ネスティング · 5 分
03 · ガイド: 5 · 30 分
速度とピアス
材料、板厚、出力ごとの初期切断速度と、ピアスのたびに時間とコストがかかる理由。
- Fiber laser cutting speed chart: mild steel, stainless and aluminium by powerPublished fiber laser cutting speeds in m/min at 1 kW, 3 kW and 6 kW from the Raycus and IPG tables, plasma for comparison — and why the charts disagree by up to 2× and you should build your own.速度と材料 · 6 分
- Pierce time by thickness, and why every pierce costs moneyFiber pierce times from 0.1 s on thin sheet to 9 s at 20 mm, plasma pierce delays from the Hypertherm chart, what each pierce adds to a quote, and practical ways to need fewer of them.速度と材料 · 5 分
- Kerf width for fiber laser and plasma: chart by thickness and amperagePlasma kerf from Hypertherm's Powermax cut charts (1.3–3.8 mm), what published sources say about fiber laser kerf, where kerf compensation is set in CypCut, CypNest and SheetCAM, and what the kerf does to part spacing.速度と材料 · 6 分
- Assist gas for fiber laser cutting: oxygen vs nitrogen vs compressed airOxygen for mild steel, nitrogen for clean stainless and aluminium edges, compressed air as the cheap middle: the pressures and speeds in a published 3 kW table, measured nitrogen consumption, what each gas does to the edge, and how to put gas into a quote.速度と材料 · 7 分
- Minimum hole size for laser and plasma cutting, by thicknessThe smallest hole a fiber laser cuts cleanly (half to the full thickness, from SendCutSend and LaserBoost), why plasma holes need one to two times the thickness for bolt quality, and what to tell the customer about smaller holes.速度と材料 · 6 分
04 · ガイド: 8 · 48 分
ジョブの価格を出す
機械時間、メートル単価、ピアス単価、そしてネスティング後に残る端材の扱い。
- How to price laser cutting: machine time, per metre and per pierceA laser cutting price is material plus machine time plus a share of setup. The formula, the starting values and a worked example: 100 plates of 3 mm mild steel at €90 an hour come to about €1.02 each.見積 · 7 分
- Laser cutting price per metre, per minute, per hour or per kg: which unit, and how to convertThe five ways shops quote cutting — per machine hour, per minute, per metre plus per pierce, per kg and per part — when each one is fair, the formulas that turn one into another, and one shop's published rates in every unit.見積 · 6 分
- How to work out your laser cutting machine's hourly rateA machine-hour rate is the year's fixed costs divided by the hours you can bill, plus what each hour of cutting uses up: power, gas, consumables and the operator. The inputs with their sources, and a worked example for a 3 kW fiber laser.見積 · 6 分
- How to count pierces and measure cut length from a DXFOne pierce per closed contour — the outline plus every hole — and the cut length is the perimeter of all of them added up. How each DXF entity is measured, what to clean first, what the drawing leaves out, and what Zorocut's DXF checker reports.見積 · 5 分
- How to charge for material in a sheet-metal quoteMaterial is weight × price per kg × markup, and weight is area × thickness × density. Which area to bill — the part's rectangle, its share of the nested sheet or whole sheets — how much shops mark up, and who owns the offcut.見積 · 6 分
- How to price plasma cutting: per inch, per pierce, material and setupHow small plasma shops price: material × 1.25–2, $0.10–0.33 per inch of cut, about $0.15 per pierce, drawing time and a minimum. What an inch and a pierce really cost you, from Hypertherm's cut chart and a consumable kit price, with a worked example.見積 · 7 分
- Laser cutting quote template: what a laser or plasma quote should containThe fields every laser or plasma cutting quote needs — parts, material and thickness, quantity, unit and line prices, setup fee, minimum order, lead time, validity and the assumptions behind the price — with a template, an example and the fees other shops publish.見積 · 6 分
- Remnants: keep, label and reuse sheet-metal offcutsHow to leave a usable offcut instead of scrap, which strips are worth keeping, how to nest the next job on them first, and how to bill the material fairly.ネスティング · 5 分
機種とコントローラー
すべての機種 →Zorocutが各コントローラー向けに書き出す内容、取り込み方、そしてまだ未検証の点。
- ベータCypCutNesting and quoting software for CypCut
- ベータFSCUT 2000 / 3000 / 4000Nesting software for FSCUT controllers (2000C, 2000E, 3000, 4000)
- 未検証HypCut (FSCUT8000)HypCut and Zorocut: DXF for Bochu's high-power controller
- 未検証Raytools XC3000Nesting software for Raytools XC3000 controllers
- ベータSheetCAM (plasma tables)Nesting for plasma tables with SheetCAM
- 未検証Hypertherm Phoenix / EDGE ConnectHypertherm Phoenix and EDGE Connect: DXF from a nester
- 未検証Bodor (BodorThinker)Nesting and quoting for Bodor fiber lasers (BodorThinker)
- 未検証HSG LaserNesting for HSG fiber lasers: what is and is not documented
- 未検証SenfengNesting for Senfeng fiber lasers (SF-Mimir and others)
- ベータGweikeNesting and quoting for Gweike fiber lasers (CypCut)
- ベータLangmuir Systems CrossFire / CrossFire PRO / XRNesting and quoting for the Langmuir CrossFire
- 未検証Swift-Cut Pro / XP plasma tablesSwift-Cut plasma tables: DXF from Zorocut into SwiftCAM
- 未検証PlasmaCAMPlasmaCAM and DesignEdge: bringing in a nested DXF
比較
ZorocutをCypNest、ProNest LT、Deepnestなどと比較。すべての項目に出典と日付があり、相手のほうが優れている点も載せています。
無料ツール
無料ツール →DXFをオンラインでネスティングし、切断コストを計算し、機械に送る前にファイルをチェックできます。
ブログから
Blog →ベンチマークと購入ガイド。実測と出典付きです。
用語集
ネスティングと見積の用語を、1語につき1行で。
- ネスティング
- 材料の使用量が最小になるよう、部品を板に配置すること。実形状ネスティングは、部品の外接矩形ではなく、実際の輪郭に沿って配置します。
- 部品内配置
- 小さな部品を大きな部品の穴の中に配置し、穴の部分の材料を廃材ではなく部品として使うこと。
- 部品間隔
- 板上で2つの部品の間に空ける隙間。Zorocutは描かれた輪郭の間で測り、ゼロにはしません。
- 端の余白
- 板の縁に沿って空けておく帯状の領域。縁は直角でないことが多く、クランプが掛かる場所でもあります。Zorocutは10 mmから始めます。
- カーフ
- ビームやアークが削り取る材料の幅。プラズマのカーフは広く(Powermax45 XPで1.4〜2.1 mm)、補正はDXFではなくコントローラーまたはCAMが行います。
- リードイン
- ピアス位置から輪郭までの短い経路。ピアス痕が部品に残らないようにします。コントローラーまたはCAMで付加し、Zorocutは付加しません。
- マイクロジョイント
- 部品を叩き出すまで板に保持する、切り残した小さな橋。これもコントローラーで付加します。
- ピアス
- 輪郭を切る前に、ビームやアークがあける穴。ピアスのたびに時間がかかり、消耗品も傷むため、見積では回数を数えます。
- 共通線切断
- 2つの部品が1本の切断辺を共有し、1回で切ること。切断が1回減りますが注意が必要で、Zorocutはコントローラーの共通辺ツールに任せています。
- 端材
- 取っておく価値のある大きさの切れ端。材料、板厚、サイズを記録し、同じ材料の次のジョブで最初に使います。
- 切断前チェック
- 機械に送る前のDXFの確認:開いた輪郭、重複線、単位、微小な形状、板からはみ出した部品。
- 歩留まり
- 部品が板に占める割合。ベンチマークでは密度と呼びます。実際の板では、間隔や余白にも左右されます。
- コントローラー
- 機械の制御ソフトウェア:CypCut、CypCutE、Phoenix、またはSheetCAMの先にあるGコードコントローラー。DXFを取り込み、リードインを付加し、機械を動かします。
- $INSUNITS
- 図面の単位を示すDXFヘッダーの値。欠けていたり誤っていたりすると、部品が25.4倍大きく、または小さく取り込まれます。
ネスティングと見積のヒントをメールでお届け
月に1通ほど:ネスティングと見積のヒント、コミュニティでよく聞かれる問題の解決方法、Zorocutのお知らせをお送りします。
ガイドで説明している内容を、アプリが実行します
間隔のルール、単位チェック、初期速度、見積の計算式は、Zorocut Nestと無料のオンラインネスティングに組み込まれています。
DXFをオンラインでネスティング