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Õpi paigutama ja hinda panema, esimesest DXF-ist hinnastatud tööni.

Meie juhendid selles järjekorras, nagu töökoda neid vajab, kontrolleri lehed, võrdlused, tasuta tööriistad ja ameti sõnad. Tasuta, konto pole vaja.

  1. 01Seadista oma kontrollerAlusta siitJuhendid: 5 · 31 min
  2. 02Sinu esimene puhas paigutusJuhendid: 12 · 73 min
  3. 03Kiirused ja läbistusedJuhendid: 5 · 30 min
  4. 04Hinda tööJuhendid: 8 · 48 min
  5. Masinad ja kontrollerid
  6. Sõnastik
01 · Juhendid: 5 · 31 min

Seadista oma kontroller

Milline näeb välja kontrolleril kasutamiseks valmis DXF, kuidas Zorocuti kihid CypCutis või FSCUT-is ühe korra vastavusse viia ja plasma tee SheetCAMi kaudu.

  1. Export DXF for CypCut and FSCUT: map the layers onceWhat a controller-ready DXF for CypCut, CypCutE and FSCUT looks like — R2000, mm, lines, arcs and circles on fixed layers — and how to map Zorocut's ZC_ layers to CypCut layers once.Alustamine · 6 min
  2. CypCut nesting tutorial: the built-in nest step by step, and where it stopsHow to nest parts in CypCut's built-in nest — parts library, plates, part gap, co-edge, arrays and sorting — from the CypCut v6.5 manual, and the limits (50 part types, 20 plates, array only) that tell you when a separate nester pays.Paigutus · 7 min
  3. Lead-in and lead-out for laser and plasma: types, length and placementWhy every contour starts with a lead, line or arc, how long (about the plate thickness on plasma near its pierce limit), where to put it, overcut and gap — the CypCut, CypNest, SheetCAM and Hypertherm settings, and why the part spacing must leave room.Alustamine · 6 min
  4. Micro-joints and tabs in laser cutting: why, how big and where to put themWhat micro-joints prevent, the sizes shops publish (0.1–1 mm), how CypCut and CypNest add them by click, count, distance or line, where to place them, what removal costs — and why Zorocut leaves them to the controller.Alustamine · 6 min
  5. Plasma tables: from Zorocut's DXF to SheetCAM, FireControl, Mach3 or LinuxCNCLangmuir FireControl and other hobby-class plasma controllers run G-code, not DXF. The route is Zorocut DXF → SheetCAM, one operation per layer → post-processor → controller, with Hypertherm chart values for speed and pierce delay.Alustamine · 6 min
02 · Juhendid: 12 · 73 min

Sinu esimene puhas paigutus

Joonised, mis CAD-ist puhtalt imporditakse, ühikud, mis tulevad õige suurusega, detailide vahe ja millal ühine lõikejoon tasub.

  1. Clean DXF from AutoCAD, Fusion, SolidWorks and Inkscape: what breaks and how to export itOpen contours, splines, bend lines, mirrored arcs and unitless files: the problems each CAD program leaves in a DXF for laser cutting, and the export settings that avoid them.DXF-failid · 7 min
  2. DXF units: mm or inch, and why parts come in 25.4× too big or too smallA DXF stores plain numbers; its unit lives in the $INSUNITS header, which is often 0 or missing. How to spot a unit error before it reaches the quote or the machine, and how to fix it.DXF-failid · 5 min
  3. Open contours in a DXF: why the laser won't cut the part, and how to close themAn open contour has ends that do not meet, so it has no inside and no outside and the controller will not cut it as a part. Where the gaps come from, how to find them, when an auto-join tolerance is safe, and what Zorocut's pre-cut check reports.DXF-failid · 6 min
  4. Cleaning a customer DXF: dimensions, title blocks, bend lines and everything else that must not be cutCustomer files are often drawings, not cut files: dimensions, a frame and title block, notes, bend lines, hidden and centre lines, duplicates and stray points. What each one does at the machine, what Zorocut leaves out by itself, and how to choose the layers that get cut.DXF-failid · 7 min
  5. Splines, polylines and arcs in a DXF: why curves turn into thousands of short linesThe same curve can be an ARC, a polyline bulge, a SPLINE, an ELLIPSE or hundreds of short lines. What each one stores, why true arcs cut better, what CypCut, SheetCAM and Zorocut do with the others, and which export settings keep arcs as arcs.DXF-failid · 7 min
  6. Text in a DXF for laser cutting: cut, mark or engrave — and why TEXT is not cutA DXF TEXT entity stores a string and a font name, not the letter shapes. How to turn text into outlines, when to cut, mark or engrave it, why cut-through letters need bridges or a stencil font, and what Zorocut and CypCut do with text layers.DXF-failid · 6 min
  7. SVG to DXF for laser cutting: sizes, curves, fills and strokes from Inkscape, Illustrator and CorelDRAWVector art becomes a cut file when every shape is a closed path at the right size and text, strokes, clips and images are dealt with. Why SVG sizes come in at 75 % or 133 %, what Zorocut reads from an SVG directly, and what to fix in the art first.DXF-failid · 7 min
  8. Part spacing for laser cutting: how much gap to leave between partsStart with a gap of 3 mm or the sheet thickness, whichever is larger, then adjust for kerf, heat and tip-up. What the spacing does, how the kerf eats into it, and how it changes the quote.Paigutus · 5 min
  9. True-shape vs rectangular nesting: what the box around each part costsRectangular nesting packs the box around each part; true-shape nesting packs the real outline. On rectangles they are the same; on brackets, rings and irregular parts the boxes alone capped our test jobs at 60–68 %, while a true-shape nest reached 71–76 %.Paigutus · 6 min
  10. Part-in-part nesting: cutting small parts from the holes of large onesPart-in-part nesting cuts small parts from the slugs of large holes. When it pays, how big the hole must be, why the small part is cut first, the heat and tip-up risks, and what CypCut, CypNest and Zorocut do.Paigutus · 6 min
  11. Sheet utilisation: how to measure nesting yield and how to raise itUtilisation is the part area divided by the sheet you count as used — whole sheets, used length, or sheets minus the offcut you keep. What the figures mean, why one nest can read 64 % or 80 %, and five ways to raise it.Paigutus · 6 min
  12. Common-line cutting: when sharing an edge pays, and why Zorocut leaves it to the controllerCutting two parts along one shared line saves pierces and cut length on arrays of identical straight-edged parts. How CypNest, ProNest and PrimeCut do it, where it is risky, and why the DXF should still keep a gap.Paigutus · 5 min
03 · Juhendid: 5 · 30 min

Kiirused ja läbistused

Algsed lõikekiirused materjali, paksuse ja võimsuse järgi ning miks iga läbistus maksab aega ja raha.

  1. Fiber laser cutting speed chart: mild steel, stainless and aluminium by powerPublished fiber laser cutting speeds in m/min at 1 kW, 3 kW and 6 kW from the Raycus and IPG tables, plasma for comparison — and why the charts disagree by up to 2× and you should build your own.Kiirused ja materjalid · 6 min
  2. Pierce time by thickness, and why every pierce costs moneyFiber pierce times from 0.1 s on thin sheet to 9 s at 20 mm, plasma pierce delays from the Hypertherm chart, what each pierce adds to a quote, and practical ways to need fewer of them.Kiirused ja materjalid · 5 min
  3. Kerf width for fiber laser and plasma: chart by thickness and amperagePlasma kerf from Hypertherm's Powermax cut charts (1.3–3.8 mm), what published sources say about fiber laser kerf, where kerf compensation is set in CypCut, CypNest and SheetCAM, and what the kerf does to part spacing.Kiirused ja materjalid · 6 min
  4. Assist gas for fiber laser cutting: oxygen vs nitrogen vs compressed airOxygen for mild steel, nitrogen for clean stainless and aluminium edges, compressed air as the cheap middle: the pressures and speeds in a published 3 kW table, measured nitrogen consumption, what each gas does to the edge, and how to put gas into a quote.Kiirused ja materjalid · 7 min
  5. Minimum hole size for laser and plasma cutting, by thicknessThe smallest hole a fiber laser cuts cleanly (half to the full thickness, from SendCutSend and LaserBoost), why plasma holes need one to two times the thickness for bolt quality, and what to tell the customer about smaller holes.Kiirused ja materjalid · 6 min
04 · Juhendid: 8 · 48 min

Hinda töö

Masinaaeg, meetri ja läbistuse kohta, ning mida teha äralõigetega, mis paigutus järele jätab.

  1. How to price laser cutting: machine time, per metre and per pierceA laser cutting price is material plus machine time plus a share of setup. The formula, the starting values and a worked example: 100 plates of 3 mm mild steel at €90 an hour come to about €1.02 each.Hinnapakkumine · 7 min
  2. Laser cutting price per metre, per minute, per hour or per kg: which unit, and how to convertThe five ways shops quote cutting — per machine hour, per minute, per metre plus per pierce, per kg and per part — when each one is fair, the formulas that turn one into another, and one shop's published rates in every unit.Hinnapakkumine · 6 min
  3. How to work out your laser cutting machine's hourly rateA machine-hour rate is the year's fixed costs divided by the hours you can bill, plus what each hour of cutting uses up: power, gas, consumables and the operator. The inputs with their sources, and a worked example for a 3 kW fiber laser.Hinnapakkumine · 6 min
  4. How to count pierces and measure cut length from a DXFOne pierce per closed contour — the outline plus every hole — and the cut length is the perimeter of all of them added up. How each DXF entity is measured, what to clean first, what the drawing leaves out, and what Zorocut's DXF checker reports.Hinnapakkumine · 5 min
  5. How to charge for material in a sheet-metal quoteMaterial is weight × price per kg × markup, and weight is area × thickness × density. Which area to bill — the part's rectangle, its share of the nested sheet or whole sheets — how much shops mark up, and who owns the offcut.Hinnapakkumine · 6 min
  6. How to price plasma cutting: per inch, per pierce, material and setupHow small plasma shops price: material × 1.25–2, $0.10–0.33 per inch of cut, about $0.15 per pierce, drawing time and a minimum. What an inch and a pierce really cost you, from Hypertherm's cut chart and a consumable kit price, with a worked example.Hinnapakkumine · 7 min
  7. Laser cutting quote template: what a laser or plasma quote should containThe fields every laser or plasma cutting quote needs — parts, material and thickness, quantity, unit and line prices, setup fee, minimum order, lead time, validity and the assumptions behind the price — with a template, an example and the fees other shops publish.Hinnapakkumine · 6 min
  8. Remnants: keep, label and reuse sheet-metal offcutsHow to leave a usable offcut instead of scrap, which strips are worth keeping, how to nest the next job on them first, and how to bill the material fairly.Paigutus · 5 min

Masinad ja kontrollerid

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Võrdlused

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Sõnastik

Paigutuse ja hinnapakkumise sõnad, igaüks ühe reaga.

Paigutus (nesting)
Detailide paigutamine lehele nii, et need kasutavad võimalikult vähe materjali. Kujupõhine paigutus järgib iga detaili tegelikku piirjoont, mitte selle ümbritsevat ristkülikut.
Detail detailis
Väikeste detailide paigutamine suurte aukudesse, nii et augu materjalist saavad detailid, mitte jääk.
Detailide vahe
Vahe, mis jäetakse lehel kahe detaili vahele. Zorocut mõõdab seda joonistatud kontuuride vahel ega lase sel kunagi nulli jõuda.
Serva varu
Riba, mis jäetakse lehe servades vabaks; servad pole sageli täisnurksed ja seal asuvad klambrid. Zorocut alustab 10 mm-st.
Lõikelaius (kerf)
Materjali laius, mille kiir või kaar eemaldab. Plasma lõikelaius on lai (1,4–2,1 mm Powermax45 XP-l); seda kompenseerib kontroller või CAM, mitte DXF.
Sisselõige (lead-in)
Lühike rada läbistusest kontuurini, et läbistusjälg jääks detailist välja. Lisatakse kontrolleris või CAM-is, mitte kunagi Zorocutis.
Mikrosild
Pisike lõikamata sild, mis hoiab detaili lehes, kuni see välja lüüakse. Lisatakse samuti kontrolleris.
Läbistus
Auk, mille kiir või kaar teeb, enne kui see saab kontuuri lõikama hakata. Iga läbistus maksab aega ja kulutab kuluosi, seetõttu pakkumised neid loevad.
Ühise joonega lõikus
Kaks detaili jagavad ühte lõikeserva, mis lõigatakse ühe korra. See säästab lõike, kuid nõuab ettevaatust; Zorocut jätab selle kontrolleri ühisserva tööriista hooleks.
Jääk
Äralõige, mis on piisavalt suur, et seda hoida. Materjali, paksuse ja mõõduga märgistatuna paigutatakse see järgmisel sama materjali tööl esimesena.
Kontroll enne lõikust
DXF-i kontrollimine enne, kui see masinani jõuab: avatud kontuurid, topeltjooned, ühikud, pisikesed detailid ja lehest väljas olevad detailid.
Materjalikasutus
Osa lehest, mille detailid katavad. Võrdlustestid nimetavad seda tiheduseks; päris lehe arv sõltub ka vahest ja servavarust.
Kontroller
Masina juhtimistarkvara — CypCut, CypCutE, Phoenix või SheetCAMi taga olev G-koodi kontroller. See impordib DXF-i, lisab sisselõiked ja juhib masinat.
$INSUNITS
DXF-i päise väärtus, mis ütleb joonise ühiku. Kui see puudub või on vale, jõuavad detailid 25,4 korda liiga suurena või liiga väikesena.

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